burthen sb with sth
with 后面接加在某人或某物身上的负担。
The villagers burthened the mules with sacks of grain.
村民们让骡子驮上沉甸甸的粮袋。
使负重；装载；加重于
burthens — third person singular of burthen
用负担压垮；使负重担；累
用负担压垮
weight down with a load
一般现在时
They burthen the workers with excessive tasks.
他们用过量的任务使工人们负重担。
一般过去时
The news burthened him with worry.
那消息使他忧心忡忡。
现在完成时
She has burthened herself with too many responsibilities.
她给自己加上了太多责任。
burthen 是 burden 的变体，意为“使负重担”。
The burthening responsibilities of his new job exhausted him.
新工作带来的沉重责任让他筋疲力尽。
用法提示：现在分词作定语，表示“使人负担的”。
The company burthened its employees with unrealistic deadlines.
公司用不切实际的截止日期使员工负担沉重。
用法提示：过去式，表示“使负重担”。
She burthens herself with guilt over minor mistakes.
她因为小错误而让自己背负内疚。
用法提示：第三人称单数，表示“使...负担”。
with 后面接加在某人或某物身上的负担。
The villagers burthened the mules with sacks of grain.
村民们让骡子驮上沉甸甸的粮袋。
被动结构，用 with 引出所承受的负担。
She was burthened with debts she could never repay.
她背负着永远无法偿还的债务。
直接跟承受重压的人或事物作宾语，句中不出现 with 短语。
Heavy taxes burthen the poorest households.
沉重的税负压在最贫困的家庭身上。
grammar · medium
易错句子She was burthen with grief.
正确表达She was burthened with grief.
burthen 是规则动词，过去分词必须加 -ed；不能因为词尾是 -en 就误以为它和 broken、written 一样本身已是过去分词。
grammar · medium
易错句子The heavy taxes burthened on the villagers.
正确表达The heavy taxes burthened the villagers.
burthen 是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，表示“使……负重”；汉语“给/对……加重负担”里的介词不能照搬成 on。
grammar · medium
易错句子The donkey was burthenned with sacks.
正确表达The donkey was burthened with sacks.
加 -ed 时不双写 n：只有末尾音节重读并以“单元音字母＋单个辅音字母”结尾时才双写辅音，burthen 重音在首音节且以 -en 结尾，直接加 -ed 即可。
burthen 只是 burden 的古旧或文学化拼写，词义、词性和用法完全相同；现代英语（含考试写作）一律用 burden，只有刻意仿古的诗歌或文献才见 burthen，所以日常表达应选 burden。
burgeon 是不及物动词，只表示数量、规模迅速增长，后面不接宾语，也没有“压垮”的意思；burthen 是及物动词，后面必须接被压上重担的人或物，二者只是拼写和读音相近。
encumber 更正式，多见于法律和公文，常以被动语态搭配债务、抵押、义务等具体负担，强调行动受阻；burthen/burden 语气中性，侧重“把重担压上去”这一动作本身，搭配范围也更宽。
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