Word · Frequency #20248
ballast
压舱物；压载物
heavy material carried in a ship or airship to keep it stable
- 1.
Heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship (or in the gondola of a balloon), to provide stability.
压舱物,置于船舱或气球吊篮中以提供稳定性
- 2.
Anything that steadies emotion or the mind.
使情绪或心态稳定的事物
- 3.
Coarse gravel or similar material laid to form a bed for roads or railroads, or in making concrete; track ballast.
铺在道路或铁路路基上或用于制混凝土的粗砾石或类似材料；道砟
- 4.
A material, such as aggregate or precast concrete pavers, which employs its mass and the force of gravity to hold single-ply roof membranes in place.
利用质量和重力将单层屋面膜固定就位的材料,如骨料或预制混凝土铺块。
- 5.
device used for stabilizing current in an electric circuit (e.g. in a tube lamp supply circuit)
用于稳定电路中电流的装置(如灯管电源电路中)。
- 6.
That which gives, or helps to maintain, uprightness, steadiness, and security.
给予或帮助维持直立、稳定和安全的事物。
道砟；路基碎石；稳定因素；精神支柱；镇流器；压舱物,置于船舱或气球吊篮中以提供稳定性；使情绪或心态稳定的事物
In use
The captain ordered the crew to add more ballast to the ship before the long voyage.
The airship released its water ballast to rise above the clouds.
The submarine uses seawater as ballast to control its depth below the surface.
use sth as ballast
这里指用来增加重量、使船舶或飞行器保持稳定的重物。
They used old iron weights as ballast to balance the ship.
他们用旧铁块作为压舱物来平衡船只。
provide ballast for sth
此义为比喻用法，指能稳定情绪、精神或品格的事物。
Her faith provided ballast for her through the difficult times.
她的信仰在困难时期给了她精神支撑。
the ballast for sth
在铁路或公路语境中，指铺在路基上的碎石层。
Connections
Collocations
- ballast water
- 压载水
- Ships must treat their ballast water before releasing it into the ocean.船只在将压载水排放到海洋之前必须对其进行处理。
- ballast tank
- 压载舱
- The submarine filled its ballast tanks to dive underwater.潜艇注满压载舱以便下潜。
- track ballast
- 道砟
- Workers installed new track ballast to support the rails.工人们铺设了新道砟以支撑铁轨。
- in ballast
- （船）空载，只装有压载物
- The cargo ship crossed the Atlantic in ballast.这艘货船只装着压载物横渡了大西洋。
- act as ballast
- 起稳定作用
- Her experience acts as ballast for the young team.她的经验为这支年轻团队起到了稳定作用。
- fluorescent ballast
Learner notes
Memory Tip
压舱物 ballast——重物压底，船稳不晃。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：maritime、aviation 该义项多用于航海、航空等专业技术语境或正式书面语，日常口语中较少使用。
Grammar Note
表示“压载物、道砟”时通常不可数；表示“镇流器”时可数。
Pronunciation & Spelling
calloused /ˈkæləst/ 与 ballast 真正押韵（结尾同为 /æləst/）。其余为拼写形似词：ballad、ballot、balance 开头与 ballast 相似但结尾不同；fast 共享字母 -ast，但重读为 /æst/，而 ballast 中的 -ast 弱读为 /əst/；ball /bɔːl/ 提醒你 ballast 中的 ball- 不读作 ball。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.