1
the bacillus that causes [disease]
The bacillus that causes anthrax is found in soil.
引起炭疽的杆菌存在于土壤中。
杆菌；芽孢杆菌
bacilli — plural of bacillus
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
杆菌；芽孢杆菌
an aerobic, rod-shaped, spore-producing bacterium, often forming chains and found chiefly in soil
The bacillus that causes anthrax is found in soil.
引起炭疽的杆菌存在于土壤中。
复数形式为 bacilli。
芽孢杆菌属的杆状需氧细菌,能形成孢子,部分可致病
Any of various rod-shaped, spore-forming aerobic bacteria in the genus Bacillus, some of which cause disease.
任何杆状(棒状)细菌。
Any bacilliform (rod-shaped) bacterium.
像细菌感染一样传播的事物。
Something which spreads like bacterial infection.
The soil sample contained a bacillus that can survive extreme heat.
土壤样本中含有一种能在极端高温下存活的杆菌。
Some bacilli form long chains when they multiply.
有些杆菌在繁殖时会形成长链。
The biologist identified the bacillus under the microscope.
生物学家在显微镜下辨认出了这种杆菌。
The bacillus that causes anthrax is found in soil.
引起炭疽的杆菌存在于土壤中。
A bacillus found in soil is often rod-shaped.
在土壤中发现的一种杆菌通常呈杆状。
杆菌的复数形式是 bacilli；作为属名时写作 Bacillus，首字母大写。
Some bacilli are harmless.
有些杆菌是无害的。
Not this
These bacilluses are harmful.
Use this
These bacilli are harmful.
bacillus 是拉丁语源名词，复数形式是不规则变化 bacilli，不是按规则加 -es 构成 bacilluses。
Not this
I saw bacillus under the microscope.
Use this
I saw a bacillus under the microscope.
bacillus 是可数名词单数，前面需要限定词（如 a/an/the）；汉语没有冠词，所以学习者容易漏掉。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
结核杆菌
The tubercle bacillus causes tuberculosis.
结核杆菌会引起结核病。
炭疽杆菌
Bacillus anthracis is the pathogen responsible for anthrax.
炭疽杆菌是引起炭疽病的病原体。
大肠杆菌
The colon bacillus is commonly found in the human intestine.
大肠杆菌常见于人体肠道内。
枯草芽孢杆菌
Bacillus subtilis is widely used in research laboratories.
枯草芽孢杆菌广泛用于研究实验室。
乳酸杆菌
Lactic acid bacilli are used to make yogurt.
乳酸杆菌用于制作酸奶。
杆菌不算什么，内环境才是关键。
In Pasteur's famous remark, 'The bacillus is nothing; the terrain is everything,' he stresses the importance of the host's condition.
巴斯德的名言“杆菌不算什么，内环境才是关键”强调了宿主身体状况的重要。
Use bacilli naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
bacillus 结尾 -illus 像小尾巴，想象土壤里一根带尾的小杆；复数 bacilli 把 i 连成一串，记住杆菌常链状排列。
语域：formal 常见场景：微生物学教材、医学文献、实验室报告 bacillus 是正式的科学术语，比较常见于微生物学、医学和实验室等专业语境；日常口语中较少使用，通常直接说 bacteria 或 bacterium。
Only villus (ˈvɪləs) truly rhymes with bacillus in the stated pronunciation, matching the same stressed-vowel and following sounds. Syllabus (ˈsɪləbəs), basilica (bəˈsɪlɪkə), and silica (ˈsɪlɪkə) are useful lookalikes in spelling or initial syllable, but they do not rhyme.
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.