affirmed that + clause
affirmed that后接完整的宾语从句，表示肯定某事实。
The witness affirmed that she saw the defendant at the scene.
证人肯定地说她看到被告在现场。
肯定，确认（affirm的过去式和过去分词）
肯定(affirm的过去式)；断言(affirm的过去式)
past tense and past participle of affirm
表示对某事或某观点的肯定或支持
收到来电；肯定(affirm的过去式)；断言(affirm的过去式)
imp. & p. p. of Affirm
一般过去时
He affirmed his support for the plan.
他肯定了他对该计划的支持。
规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为affirmed
The judge affirmed the lower court's decision.
法官确认了下级法院的判决。
用法提示：affirmed 作为动词过去式，表示“确认、肯定”法律决定。
She affirmed her commitment to the project during the meeting.
她在会议中肯定了自己对项目的承诺。
用法提示：affirmed 作为动词过去式，表示“肯定、重申”承诺。
The scientist affirmed the hypothesis after analyzing the data.
科学家在分析数据后确认了该假设。
用法提示：affirmed 作为动词过去式，表示“确认、证实”假设。
affirmed that后接完整的宾语从句，表示肯定某事实。
The witness affirmed that she saw the defendant at the scene.
证人肯定地说她看到被告在现场。
The court affirmed the decision.
法院维持了该判决。
被动语态强调主语被肯定。
His role was affirmed as crucial to the project.
他的角色被确认为项目关键。
grammar · medium
易错句子He affirmed the appointment on his calendar.
正确表达He confirmed the appointment on his calendar.
“affirm”意为“肯定，断言”，强调主观陈述；而“confirm”意为“确认，证实”，强调核实事实。中文里“肯定”和“确认”有时混用，导致误用。
grammar · medium
易错句子She affirmed me that the report was true.
正确表达She affirmed that the report was true.
“affirm”是及物动词，直接跟宾语或that从句，不能接间接宾语（人）。学习者受中文“肯定我”的句式影响，错误添加了间接宾语。
affirmed 侧重于肯定、支持或正式宣告，而 confirmed 则侧重于验证或确认事实的正确性。
affirmed 表示坚定地肯定或支持，常带情感或权威；asserted 则更强调主张或宣称，可能缺乏证据。
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