Word · Frequency #2352
abuse
虐待；伤害
核心释义
to treat a person or animal in a cruel or violent way, especially repeatedly
- 1.
错误使用；滥用；不当使用；用于错误目的或结局；曲解。
To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert
- 2.
伤害；虐待；损害；残忍对待,尤指反复多次。
To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly.
- 3.
用粗言攻击；侮辱；谩骂；中伤；以冒犯性言辞对或关于某人说话；贬低。
To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage.
- 4.
滥用药物；故意超量服用处方药以寻求快感；习惯性使用非法药物。
To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually.
滥用；误用；辱骂；中伤；滥用（药物）；吸毒；错误使用；滥用；不当使用；用于错误目的或结局；曲解。；伤害；虐待；损害；残忍对待,尤指反复多次。
用法In use
Many people abuse alcohol and drugs.
用法提示：这里'abuse'是及物动词，表示'滥用'。
The boss verbally abused his employees.
用法提示：这里'abused'是abuse的过去式，表示'辱骂'。
It is illegal to abuse animals.
用法提示：这里'abuse'是及物动词，表示'虐待'。
abuse sth to do sth
abuse 表示“滥用”时是及物动词，后接权力、职位、信任等名词；不定式说明目的。
He abused his power to fire employees who disagreed with him.
他滥用权力来解雇与他意见相左的员工。
be abused by sb
描述某人遭受虐待时常用被动语态，施害者用 by 引出。
Many children are abused by adults they trust.
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- abuse one's power
- 滥用权力
- The manager was fired for abusing his power.那名经理因滥用权力而被解雇。
- abuse drugs
- 滥用药物
- She admitted to abusing drugs for years.她承认多年来一直在滥用药物。
- abuse a child
- 虐待儿童
- He was arrested for abusing his children.他因虐待自己的孩子而被捕。
- verbally abuse someone
- 用言语辱骂某人
- It is never okay to verbally abuse a colleague.用言语辱骂同事绝不可取。
- abuse the system
- 滥用制度
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
看到abuse里的bus（公车），就想到公车上有人虐待老人——abuse就是虐待、滥用。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：法律与新闻报道、医疗健康、日常交流 该词作动词时语域会随搭配变化：表示“滥用权力/信任”多用于正式语境；表示“虐待”常见于法律或新闻报道；表示“滥用药物”多见于医疗或正式文本。日常口语中表“辱骂”时常用更口语化的说法，但该词整体属中性偏正式。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
与 abuse /əˈbjus/ 押韵的词有：use（名词 /juːs/）、excuse（名词 /ɪkˈskjuːs/）、loose /luːs/、juice /dʒuːs/，它们都收 /uːs/ 音。注意：use 作动词时读 /juːz/，choose 读 /tʃuːz/，末尾是浊音 /z/，都不押韵；mouse 虽拼作 -ouse，但读 /maʊs/，元音不同。
高价值词汇High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇，值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 4，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.